Rejection of a Plaint under Order 7 Rule 11 of Civil Procedure Code

Rejection of a plaint refers to a authorized motion the place the court docket dismisses a lawsuit on the very outset by refusing to entertain the plaintiff’s preliminary submitting, referred to as a “plaint,” as a consequence of elementary defects or non-compliance with authorized necessities.

What’s a Plaint? 

A plaint is the written assertion filed by the plaintiff to provoke a civil swimsuit. It incorporates the important details of the case, reduction sought, and the authorized grounds for the declare. The plaint is the cornerstone of a civil swimsuit, laying out the reason for motion and enabling the court docket to know the dispute.

Provision Associated to Plaints

Order VII of CPC incorporates the supply associated to plaints. It outlines the required particulars and necessities a plaintiff should embrace when submitting a lawsuit, together with specifics concerning the declare, the events concerned, and the reduction sought, and likewise supplies provisions for the court docket to reject a plaint if it lacks important info or is legally poor. 

Important Components of a Plaint

The important parts of a plaint embrace:

Identify of the court docket and case quantity.
Identify, description, and deal with of the plaintiff and defendant.
Reason for motion with materials details.
Aid sought by the plaintiff.
The estimated worth of the subject material of the dispute, mandatory for figuring out court docket charges and jurisdiction. 
Verification by the plaintiff relating to the reality of the contents supplied within the plaint.

For instance, if a landlord information a swimsuit for eviction, the plaint should embrace the tenant’s title, the property particulars, the grounds for eviction, and the reduction sought (e.g., possession of the property).

Rejection of Plaint

A plaint might be rejected underneath Order VII Rule 11 of the Civil Process Code (CPC) if it doesn’t meet sure standards. The aim of this rule is to cut back frivolous litigation. 

Grounds for Rejection of Plaint

Underneath Order VII, Rule 11, a court docket could reject a plaint if sure circumstances are met. These grounds are as follows:

1. Failure to Disclose a Reason for Motion (Order VII Rule 11(a))

A reason behind motion is the set of details that entitles the plaintiff to hunt authorized reduction. If the plaint doesn’t disclose any reason behind motion, it may be rejected. If a plaintiff information a swimsuit claiming damages with out exhibiting how the defendant’s actions induced hurt, the plaint could also be rejected.

2. Aid Claimed is Underneath-Valued (Order VII Rule 11(b))

If the plaintiff undervalues the reduction and fails to right it regardless of being directed by the court docket, the plaint might be rejected. If the plaintiff values a swimsuit for property price ₹1 crore at ₹10 lakh to keep away from increased court docket charges, and doesn’t right this upon court docket directions, the plaint could also be rejected.

3. Failure to Pay Correct Courtroom Charges (Order VII Rule 11(c))

If the plaintiff fails to pay the prescribed court docket charges and doesn’t rectify this even after being directed by the court docket, the plaint might be rejected. For instance, in a swimsuit for restoration of cash, if the plaintiff doesn’t pay the required court docket charges, the plaint could also be rejected.

4. Swimsuit Barred by Legislation (Order VII Rule 11(d))

If the swimsuit is barred by any legislation (e.g., limitation, res judicata, or statutory prohibition), the plaint might be rejected. For instance, a swimsuit to get well a time-barred debt (one filed after the limitation interval) might be rejected underneath this floor.

5. Non-Compliance with Order VI Rule 15 (Verification of Pleadings)

If the plaint just isn’t verified as per the process outlined in Order VI, Rule 15, it may be rejected.

6. Faulty Presentation of Plaint

If the plaint just isn’t correctly offered (e.g., lack of important particulars or incomplete kind), it might result in rejection.

Extra Grounds of Rejection of Plaint

If the plaint just isn’t stamped correctly.
If the plaint just isn’t filed in duplicate.
If the required events weren’t included (non-joinder) within the swimsuit or irrelevant events (misjoinder) had been included within the swimsuit.

What Occurs If a Plaint is Rejected?

The rejection of a plaint doesn’t preclude the plaintiff from submitting a recent plaint, supplied the defects are rectified. For instance, if a plaint is rejected for undervaluation, the plaintiff can refile it with the right valuation and court docket charges.

The rejection merely ensures that frivolous or meritless fits don’t proceed, saving time and prices for the events and the judiciary.

Distinction Between Rejection and Return of Plaint

Rejection of PlaintReturn of PlaintDismissal of the plaint on particular grounds.The court docket doesn’t have jurisdiction to attempt the case.The plaint just isn’t maintainable.The plaint might be filed within the acceptable court docket.

Conclusion

The rejection of a plaint underneath Order 7 Rule 11 is a procedural safeguard in opposition to frivolous, faulty, or legally barred fits. By laying out clear grounds for rejection, the CPC ensures judicial effectivity and equity. Plaintiffs ought to make sure that their plaint is correctly drafted, adequately valued, and in compliance with authorized provisions to keep away from rejection.