We now have a brand new analysis paper that I believe is essential. Please obtain and skim it right here.
Summary
The FBI tracks energetic capturing circumstances—the place people try to kill folks in public locations, excluding these tied to robberies or gang violence. This examine is the primary to systematically examine how uniformed police and civilians with hid handgun permits carry out in stopping these assaults. Civilians with permits stopped the assaults extra steadily and confronted a decrease threat of being killed or injured than police. Officers who intervened throughout the assaults have been way more more likely to be killed or injured than those that apprehended the attackers later.
John R. Lott, Jr. and Carl E. Moody, “Do Armed Civilians Cease Energetic Shooters Extra Successfully Than Uniformed Police?” Social Science Analysis Community, April 4, 2025.